Charles I became King of England in 1625. He repeatedly fell out with the English Parliament, which resulted in the outbreak of a civil war in 1642.

In 1649, Charles I was put on trial for treason. He was found guilty and sentenced to death.

Following the execution of Charles I in 1649, Oliver Cromwell became ‘Lord Protector’ in 1653. Cromwell was a very strict Protestant and made many changes based on his beliefs.