Expressing the possessive - gan and gyda with a definite noun.
YDY'R pasports da ti? - Have you got THE passports?
MAE'R pasports da fi - I've got THE passports.
In North Wales the construction is slightly different - Mae'r pasports gen i or - Ydy'r pasports gen ti?
gen i gen ti ganddo fo ganddi hi gynnon ni gynnoch chi ganddyn nhw
These are the most common forms that you will hear.
Possessive pronoun Fy - My
A form that is slightly different in spoken Welsh to its written form is FY, the MY form.
You have probably been taught the form fy - fy nghar - my car. You will notice that the fy form is hardly ever heard in everyday spoken Welsh. Fy nghar is pronounced as yng nghar i, fy mhoced i - my pocket.
The fy disappears but the nasal mutation remains.
In front of words that do not take the nasal mutation the fy becomes yn - yn afal i, yn llyfr i.
Newydd
As you probably know, newydd as an adjective means new - car newydd - a new car
But when newydd comes before a verb-noun it means - just.
Dw i newydd roi tri deg ceiniog yn y peiriant - I've just put thirty pence in the machine.
Dw i newydd orffen - I've just finished.
Dw i newydd ei gweld hi - I've just seen her.
Mae hi newydd dwlu lan - She's just been sick.
Notice that newydd is followed by the soft mutation.
Ar Fai
Fi sydd ar fai - It's my fault
Ti oedd ar fai - It was your fault
Useful Expressions
Mynd yn llai - Getting smaller
Dwi bron yn siwr - I'm nearly sure
Mae gen i gur pen (North Wales) I have a headache. Mae pen tost da fi (South Wales) I have a headache.
Peidiwch becso is the South Wales equivalent of Peidiwch รข phoeni don't worry
Tymer ddrwg - bad temper
Yn grac - annoyed (South Wales) Yn flin in North Wales
