We have already come across various forms of gallu - to be able to or can as in Galla i - I can and Gallwn i - I could. Here is another tense.
Arwyn says to Jenny: Allet ti fod wedi gwasgu'r botwm mute - You could have pressed the mute button And Jenny responds: A gallet ti fod wedi mynd allan o'r stafell - And you could have gone out of the room.
Here are the full forms
Gallwn i fod wedi - I could have Gallet ti fod wedi - You could have Gallai hi fod wedi - She could have Gallai e or Gallai o fod wedi - He could have Gallai Dic fod wedi - Dic could have Gallen ni fod wedi - We could have Gallech chi fod wedi - You could have Gallen nhw fod wedi - They could have
Gan
We've already come across the prepositions o, wrth, ar and their respective forms with pronouns. Gan meaning 'with' or 'by' changes in the same way:
Gen i Gen ti Ganddo fe/Ganddo fo Ganddi hi Gennyn ni sometimes pronounced Gynnon ni Gennych chi or Gynnoch chi Ganddyn nhw or Gynnon nhw
Wendy's father suffers a heart attack and there's no telling whether he'll pull through. When you're not sure of the future, when there's no telling, you can use the phrase 'sdim dal' - does dim dal - there is no telling.
Hoffi
There are a variety of ways of using 'hoffi' Dw i'n hoffi Wendy - I like Wendy Dw i'n ei hoffi hi - I like her
Dw i'n hoff o Wendy - I'm fond of Wendy Dw i'n hoff ohoni hi - I'm fond of her
Here's the preposition 'o' again, remember that it changes with every pronoun
I'm fond of her - dw i'n hoff ohoni hi I'm fond of him - dw i'n hoff ohono fe
You can also use hoff to mean favourite
Fy hoff gân i Ei hoff gân hi notice the treiglad meddal/soft mutation after 'hoff'
When talking about Wendy's father Dic says: ei drydedd wraig e ydy hi - She's his third wife.
Note the difference between third husband and third wife
Trydydd gwr. - Trydedd wraig.
Note that apart from first - cyntaf and ail - second all other ordinal forms follow the same pattern.
Cyntaf - first always follows the noun y bachgen cyntaf - y ferch gyntaf
Ail comes before the noun and is always followed by the soft mutation yr ail fachgen - yr ail ferch.
Useful Expressions
Ail farn - second opinion Dyna'r cyfan - that's all Oes rhywbeth o'i le? - is anything wrong?/
o'i le - out of place Claddu - to bury Bron â sythu - nearly frozen Ble yn y byd mawr - where on earth (one of the phrases we heard during the second week) Look out for the north Wales form for 'to understand' - dallt. The south Wales form is deall but in north Wales they say dallt - Dw i ddim yn dallt - I don't understand
