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16 October 2014
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Text index - North Foundation

Passive

In this section we will learn how to use Y Goddefol - The Passive Voice

We use y goddefol to talk about something that happened to us, over which we had no control. e.g.

Mi ges i fy ngeni.I was born.
Mi ges i fy nghicio.I was kicked.

To speak in the passive voice, we need to learn rhagenwau (pronouns), and the mutations that follow them.

Fy______i.treiglad trwynolfy nghar imy car
Dy______di.treiglad meddaldy gar diyour car
Ei______o.treiglad meddalei gar e.his car.
Ei______hi.treiglad llaesei char hiher car
Ein______ni.dim treigladein car ni.our car.
Eich______chi.dim treigladeich car chi.your car.
Eu______nhw.dim treigladeu car nhw.their car.

We need to learn the endings for the action word CAEL (to have)

Mi ges i I had
Mi gest ti You had
Mi gaeth hi She had
Mi gaeth o He had
Mi gaethon ni We had
Mi gaethoch chiYou had
Mi gaethon nhwThey had
We also use these forms to convey that something was done in Welsh. E.g.
Mi ges i fy maguI was brought up
Mi gest ti dy faguYou were brought up
Mi gaeth hi ei maguShe was brought up
Mi gaeth o ei fagu He was brought up
Mi gaethon ni'n maguWe were brought up
Mi gaethoch chi'ch maguYou were brought yp
Mi gaethon nhw ei maguThey were brought up
Lle caethoch chi'ch geni?Where were you born?
Mi ges i fy ngeni yn Wrecsam.I was born in Wrexham
Lle cest ti dy eni?Where were you born? (informal)
Mi ges i fy ngeni yn Y Drenewydd.I was born in Newtown.
Ble cawsoch chi eich magu?Where were you brought up?
Mi ges i fy magu ym Mangor.I was brought up in Bangor.
Lle cest ti dy fagu?Where were you brought up?
Mi ges i fy magu yn Wrecsam.I was brought up in Wrexham.
Mi ges i fy ngeni yn Y Rhyl.I was born in Rhyl.
Mi gest ti dy eni ym Machynlleth.You were born in Machynlleth.
Mi gaeth o ei eni yn Llandudno.He was born in Llandudno.
Mi gaeth hi ei geni yn Nolgellau.She was born in Dolgellau.
Mi gaethon ni'n magu yng Nghaernarfon.We were born in Caernarfon.
Mi gaethoch chi'ch geni ym Mangor.You were born in Bangor.
Mi gaethon nhw eu geni yn Llanelwy.They were born in St. Asaph.
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