'Tuzabakurikira aho bihishe hose': Intambara yo kurwanya Islamic State muri Somalia

Mu misozi ya al-Miskad muri Somalia, itsinda ry'abasirikare ryari ryishyize hamwe bakikije icyombo gitoya gifata amajwi mu ntoki, bakurikirana abarwanyi ibikorwa bya barwanyi ba Islamic State(IS) bakoresheje indege za ''drones''.

Umugabo agaragara kuri 'sreen/ecran' agenda mu kibaya. Undi musirikare agira ati: "Arimo gushaka amazi ku nshuti ze," undi muntu ukoresha drone aravuga. "Arimo kwiruka yikoreye ikintu mu mugongo," .

Umugabo uri kuri 'ecran' ari hafi y'ubuvumo, igisirikare cyizera ko ari ubwihisho bw'abarwanyi ba IS bari hagati ya 50 na 60.

Ingabo za Puntland zifite abasirikare bagera kuri 500 bari muri iyi nkambi iri mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Somalia.

Mu myaka icumi ishize, ako gace kari gatuwe n'abaturage b'abimukira, ariko ibyo byarahindutse nyuma y'uko IS iteye hano, igatangira kwiyubaka muri Afurika nyuma yo kuvanwa mu birindiro byabo muri Syria na Iraq.

Kuva muri Mata(4) 2025, Jenerali Michael Langley, wari ukuriye ingabo za Amerika zishinzwe Afurika (Africom), yabwiye Inteko ya Amerika ko "IS igenzura umuyoboro wayo mpuzamahanga iturutse muri Somalia".

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, Amerika yafashije Somalia kurwanya IS, ikunda kwibasira inyeshyamba zihishe mu buvumo bunyuranye muri Somalia - mu 2025 Pentagone yakoze ibitero 60 kuri IS muri Somalia.

Umukuru w'ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya iterabwoba muri Kaminuza ya Amerika i Washington DC, Tricia Bacon, agira ati: "Ubushobozi bwa IS bwo kugaba ibitero muri Somalia bwaragabanutse" kandi "nta kibazo gikomeye iteje kuri Puntland cyangwa muri Somalia muri iki gihe."

Ariko, IS-Somalia iracyafite "uruhare runini mu gutanga inkunga, no guha imbaraga izindi nzego zikorana na leta ya Kisilamu, muri Afrika no mu bindi bihugu, nka Afghanistan", nk'uko abisobanura.

IS-Somalia, ifite icyicaro mu ntara ya Puntland mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'igihugu bwa Somalia, yashinzwe n'umunyasomaliya witwa Abdulqadir Mumin.

Uyu yari atuye muri Sweden no mu Bwongereza kandi yari afite ubwenegihugu bw'Ubwongereza.

Mu 2015 Mumin yagaragaye ari kumwe n'abagabo 17 muri video yemeza ko bashyigikiye IS.

Mumin yari asanzwe ari umwe mu bagize umutwe w'intagondwa za al-Shabab, umaze imyaka 20urwanya leta kandi uracyagenzura ibice binini by'amajyepfo ya Somalia.

IS-Somalia yirukanye al-Shabab mu misozi ya al-Miskad ya Puntland, izana abarwanyi b'abanyamahanga, buhoro buhoro iba ihuriro ry'imyitozo n'imari ry'itsinda rigari rya IS.

Iri tsinda ryari rifite ijambo mu mujyi wa Bosaso uri ku cyambu kandi raporo ya guverinoma ya Amerika ivuga ko mu 2022 IS-Somalia "yakusanyije miliyoni 2 z'amadolari [miliyoni 1.5 z'amapawundi] mu kwishyuza [imisoro] ubucuruzi bw'imbere mu gihugu ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, amatungo n'ubuhinzi".

Ingabo za Puntland zirukanye IS-Somalia i Bosaso mu ntangiriro za 2025, ariko umutwe w'inyeshyamba wakomeje kugenzura imidugudu n'imijyi mito mu misozi ya al-Miskad iri hafi aho.

Amategeko ya Somalia

Umwe muri iyo mijyi ni Dardar, Kuba hariho IS byazanye ubugome n'ubwoba.

Abantu batuye hano bavuga ko amategeko akaze yanditse ku kibaho cyo mu mudugudu abuza abagabo n'abagore kwivanga mu ruhame, abuza abagabo kwambara amapantaro yonyine cyangwa kogosha umusatsi wabo mu buryo bugezweho.

Abagore bagombaga kwambara ubwoko bwihariye bw'igitambaro cyo mu mutwe, uturindantoki n'amasogisi kugira ngo bapfuke amaboko n'ibirenge, kandi umuziki ntiwemewe.

Ubutegetsi bukaze n'ingengabitekerezo byasize inkovu zikomeye.

"Ubuzima bwari bugoye cyane," Said Mohamud Ibrahim, Imam wo muri ako gace, yicaye hasi mu musigiti we, agira ati: "Abantu bari bafite ubwoba. Bamwe barashimuswe kandi aho baherereye ntiharamenyekana."

Nubwo hari abantu bahunze umudugudu, we yagumyeyo, ariko avuga ko IS yamwirukanye mu musigiti. "Baravuze bati: 'Ubu ni twe ba Imam. Kandi niba udakurikije amabwiriza yacu ngo uve mu musigiti nonaha, uzabona ibyo ukwiye.'

"Nari nzi ko bazanca umutwe cyangwa bakanshimuta."

Mu basengera kuri uwo musigiti harimo Mahad Jama. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, umwishywa we, Shukri, yarashimuswe yicwa n'abarwanyi ba IS.

Agira ati: "Yari umukobwa mwiza, umukobwa ukunda cyane, yitaga kuri nyina. Yari umuyisilamu nyawe."

Shukri yari atwite ubwo yicwaga. Yasize abana babiri n'umubyeyi urwaye.

Jama yongeraho ati: "Ntushobora kwiyumvisha uko numva meze kubera gupfusha umwishywa wanjye ...kandi ntazi n'impamvu yishwe. Iyo umenye amakuru y'urupfu rw'umuhungu we, biragoye kubyemera."

Shukri yari afite umwana w'umuhungu w'imyaka irindwi witwaga Said. Uwo mwana yari impumyi kandi yakundaga kuba hafi ya nyina. Yari kumwe na we muri iryo joro ubwo IS yazaga iwabo.

Nyuma y'amezi menshi y'imirwano, uyu mudugudu wafashwe n'ingabo za Puntland muri Gashyantare 2025. Abanyamerika bari barafashije, bibasira kandi bica intagondwa za IS.

Muna Ali Dahir, umusirikare w'imyaka 32, ni umwe mu bagore bacye bari mu gisirikare hano.

Yarwanye mu ntambara mbere, aragira ati: "Twarwanye cyane kandi twaratsinze… kuko iki ari igihugu cyacu," .

Umusirikare ukiri muto atwereka ifoto kuri telefoni ye afashe ukuboko k'umusirikare wa IS yafashe. Iyi mfungwa ni ndende kandi ni munini kumurusha, afite ubwanwa bwinshi n'umusatsi muremure. Undi musirikare afashe ukundi kuboko.

Abdikhair Abdiriza Jama w'imyaka 24 aravuga ati: "Uyu ni Hassan. Umugabo w'Umunya-Turkiya twafashe."

Muri Kamena(6) 2025, Umuryango w'Abibumbye wagaragaje ko umutwe wa Islamic State ufite abarwanyi bagera kuri 800 muri Somalia, abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cyabo bakaba ari abanyamahanga.

Ingabo za Puntland zivuga ko zishe amagana y'abayoboke ba IS mu mezi 16 ashize, kandi zashyize ahagaragara amafoto y'abarwanyi b'abanyamahanga barenga 50 bafashwe, baturutse mu bihugu birimo Ethiopia, Maroc na Syria.

Abategetsi ba Puntland bavuga ko abafunzwe bashinjwa ibyaha, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, igihano cy'urupfu.

Abddikhair Jama yari afite imyaka 14 ubwo IS yazaga muri aka gace bwa mbere.

Yagize ati: "Sinigeze nemera ko bari bahari. Mbere na mbere, natekerezaga ko ari poropaganda gusa.

Ariko igihe nafataga umwe muri bo ... nabonye ko abarwanyi b'abanyamahanga bateye igihugu cyacu."

Ubwo twaganiraga nabo, humvikanye iturika rikomeye. Imbunda nini n'ibikoresho byashyizwe ku ngamiya, abasirikare barimo kuva mu nkambi mu matsinda mato bajya gutera ibirindiro by'ingabo za IS.

Umukuru w'ingabo asobanura ko indege itagira abapilote y'Abanyamerika iri mu kirere ikusanya amakuru, ifasha kumenya aho igomba kurasa.

Nyuma y'imirwano, indege itagira abapilote yongeye koherezwa hanze, kuri iyi nshuro kugira ngo irebe ibyangiritse, kandi kuri televiziyo nto, umuryango w'ubuvumo usa n'uwatwitswe.

Umugabo wabonwaga yiruka mu kibaya mbere ntabwo akigaragara, urebye hasi uvuye ku musozi, ntabwo bishoboka kumenya uburyo igitero cyagize akamaro.

Ingabo za Puntland zavumbuye ko indege zitagira abapilote z'Abanyamerika zaje mu kurasa abarwanyi mu buvumo - ntabwo biramenyekana umubare wabo.

Intambara yo kurwanya IS muri Somaliya ntabwo irarangira.

Tricia Bacon wo muri Kaminuza ya Amerika ahanura ko nubwo IS-Somalia "yacitse intege ... byagaragaye ko ari umuryango ushobora kongera kwiyubaka no kuvugurura imikorere."

Kandi Abddikhair Jama aravuga ati: "Ntituzahagarara kugeza igihe umurwanyi wa nyuma azafatwa."

"Byaba bifata imyaka 10 cyangwa 15, tuzajya aho bimukira cyangwa aho bihishe. Ni bwo ubutaka buzaba butunganyije neza, ni bwo tuzaruhuka."

Hagati aho, we n'abandi basirikare bakomeje kubaho mu bihe bigoye.

Nta mazi cyangwa amashanyarazi ahari kandi barara mu mahema y'agateganyo akozwe mu mashami y'ibiti, ibyatsi n'amabuye. Babana n'ihene borora.

Mu bihe by'ituze, Dahir ahamagara umuryango we - afite abana umunani ariko amaze kubabona kabiri gusa mu mwaka ushize. Avuga ko abana be ari bo bamuteye umuhate.