Waa imisa hantida ka xayiran dalka Iiraan?

Ka hor wadahadalladii tooska ahaa ee u dhexeeyay Mareykanka iyo Iran ee ka dhacay Islamabad toddobaadkii hore—kuwaas oo Pakistan dhexdhexaadinaysay—hoggaamiyeyaasha sare ee Iran waxay hore u dalbadeen in dib loogu soo celiyo hantidii dalkooda laga qabtay.

Isla waqtigaas, mas'uuliyiinta Iran waxay sidoo kale dalbanayaan in la magdhabo khasaaraha maaddi ah ee dalkooda ka soo gaaray dagaalkan.

Maalintii Talaadada, safiirka Iran u fadhiya Qaramada Midoobay ayaa warqad u diray Xoghayaha Guud Antonio Guterres, isagoo dalbanaya in dalal kala duwan ay bixiyaan magdhow ku aaddan khasaaraha Iran ka soo gaaray dagaalka.

Inkasta oo dalabyadan ay Iran si rasmi ah u gudbisay, haddana ilaa hadda wax jawaab ah kama iman Mareykanka ama dalal kale.

Sida ay sheegtay wakaaladda wararka ee Tasnim News, oo xiriir la leh Ilaalada Kacaanka Iran (IRGC), Iran waxay weli waddaa qiimeynta khasaaraha uu dagaalku sababay, si arrinta magdhowga loogu daro wadahadallada socda.

Iyadoo la hadlaysay warbaahinta Ruushka, afhayeenka dowladda Iran Fatima Mahajirani ayaa tiri: "Marka loo eego qiyaaso hordhac ah oo si taxaddar leh loo sameeyay, khasaaraha ilaa hadda wuxuu gaarayaa qiyaastii 270 bilyan oo doolar, balse tiradan way sii kordhi kartaa."

Sida ay Tasnim sheegtay, Fatima Mahajirani waxay sidoo kale intaas ku dartay in qiimeynta khasaaraha ee ay sameynayaan hay'adaha Iran ay ku jirto xisaabinta burburka dhismayaasha iyo kaabayaasha, iyo sidoo kale khasaaraha dhaqaale ee ka dhashay hakadka ku yimid howlaha warshadaha.

Sida ay sheegtay wakaaladda wararka dowladda Iran ee IRNA, Fatima Mohajrani waxay sidoo kale sheegtay in arrinta bixinta magdhowga laga hadlay intii lagu jiray wadahadalladii lala yeeshay Mareykanka ee ka dhacay Islamabad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, BBC ma awoodo inay si madax-bannaan u xaqiijiso sheegashada Fatima Mohajrani.

Haddii laga hadlo hantida Iran ee la xayiray, BBC Urdu ayaa arrintan ka diyaarisay xog kooban oo laga soo ururiyay warbixinno hore oo ay daabaceen hay'ado warbaahineed oo Iran ku dhow sida Press TV, iyo sidoo kale BBC News.

Hantida Iiraan ee la xayiray

Laga soo bilaabo hantida Iran ee la xayiray xilligii Madaxweyne Jimmy Carter kadib Kacaankii Islaamiga ahaa ee 1979 ilaa maanta oo ah 2026, balaayiin doolar oo hantida Iran ah ayaa weli ku xanniban qaabab kala duwan iyo meelo kala duwan oo adduunka ah.

Sida ay sheegayaan warbaahinta dowladda Iran, arrinta hantida la xayiray ayaa mar kale ka soo ifbaxday kadib xabbad-joojintii ugu dambeysay, waxaana loo arkaa imtixaan muhiim ah oo lagu cabbirayo sida Mareykanku uga dhab yahay wada-xaajoodka.

Sida ay sheegtay wakaaladda wararka ee Press TV ee Iran, 47-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay Mareykanku wuxuu haystay balaayiin doolar oo ka mid ah hantida qaranka Iran, oo ay ku jiraan dakhliga shidaalka, kaydka bangiga dhexe, iyo hantida ganacsiga. Hantidan ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo qabtay xilliyo kala duwan iyadoo lagu saleynayo amarro madaxweyne, waxaana si joogto ah loo sii hayay "cadaadis siyaasadeed awgeed."

Xayiraaddii ugu horreysay iyo tan ugu weyn ee hantida Iran waxay dhacday 14-kii November 1979, markii Madaxweyne Jimmy Carter uu saxiixay amar fulineed oo lagu xannibay ku dhawaad 8 bilyan oo doolar oo ka mid ahaa hantida dowladda Iran ee ku jirtay bangiyada Mareykanka.

Amarkaas kuma koobnayn oo keliya xisaabaadka dowladda Iran, balse wuxuu sidoo kale saameeyay Bangiga Dhexe ee Iran iyo dhammaan hay'adaha Iran ee ku xirnaa nidaamka maaliyadeed ee Mareykanka.

Sida uu sheegay Press TV, go'aankaas kadib, bangiyo waaweyn oo Mareykan iyo caalami ah—oo ay ka mid yihiin Citibank, Chase Manhattan, Bank of America, HSBC, Standard Chartered, BNP Paribas, Deutsche Bank, Commerzbank, Credit Suisse, iyo Barclays—ayaa jaray xiriirkii maaliyadeed ee ay la lahaayeen Iran.

Cunaqabateyntaas dhaqaale kuma koobnayn nidaamka bangiyada oo keliya, balse waxay sidoo kale gaartay waaxaha warshadaha iyo tamarta. Shirkado caalami ah sida Shell, Total, ENI, Siemens, General Electric, iyo Boeing ayaa ka baxay mashaariicdii ay ka wadeen Iran, taasoo keentay in mashruucyo badan aan la dhammaystirin isla markaana raasamaalkii Iran uu halkaas ku xayirmo.

Qaar ka mid ah hantidii la xayiray ayaa dib loogu soo celiyay Iran heshiiskii Algiers ee 1981, balse soo kabashadu ma ahayn mid dhammaystiran waxaana ku xirnaa shuruudo adag.

Iran waxay heshay ku dhawaad 3.6 bilyan oo doolar, taasoo ka yar lacagtii markii hore la xayiray. Inta kale waxaa loo reebay si loogu bixiyo dacwooyin ay gudbiyeen shirkado iyo muwaadiniin Mareykan ah.

Sida ay sheegtay warbixin uu soo saaray Press TV, heshiiskaas waxa lagu aas-aasay Maxkamadda Dacwadaha Iran–Mareykanka, oo xarunteedu tahay The Hague, isla markaana weli ka shaqeysa xalinta khilaafaadka maaliyadeed iyo ganacsi ee labada dal.

Heshiis Nukliyeer ah iyo muddo kooban oo cunaqabataynta laga qaaday

Ma jiraan tiro rasmi ah oo guud oo si sax ah u qeexaysa wadarta hantida Iran ee la xayiray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilo kala duwan ayaa tilmaamaya in qiimaha Hantida la xayiray ugu horreysay 1979 ay ahayd qiyaastii 8 ilaa 11 bilyan oo doolar.

Heshiiskii nukliyeerka Iran ee 2015 ee u dhexeeyay Iran iyo quwadaha waaweyn ayaa dhalisay rajo ah in markii ugu horreysay tan iyo 1979 la yareyn doono cunaqabateynta si dhab ah.

Tani waxay keentay qiyaaso kala duwan oo is khilaafsan oo ku saabsan baaxadda hantida Iran ee dibadda lagu xayiray.

Wareysi uu bixiyay, madaxweynihii hore ee Mareykanka Barack Obama wuxuu ku qiyaasay hantida Iran ee la xayiray ku dhawaad 100 bilyan oo doolar, balse wuxuu markii dambe hoos u dhigay qiyaastaas ilaa 50 ilaa 60 bilyan oo doolar.

Bishii August 2015, guddoomiyihii Bangiga Dhexe ee Iran ee xilligaas, Valiollah Seif, wuxuu sheegay in hantida Iran ee la xayiray ay gaareyso ku dhawaad 29 bilyan oo doolar, kuwaas oo 23 bilyan lagu hayay bangiyada dhexe ee dalal sida Japan, Kuuriyada Koonfureed, iyo Imaaraadka Carabta, halka ku dhawaad 6 bilyan ay ka timid dakhliga saliidda ee Hindiya.

Soo celinta hantida ee hoos timaadda heshiiskii nukliyeerka waxay ahayd mid muhiim ah balse aan dhammaystirnayn. Iran waxay heli kartay ku dhawaad 50 ilaa 60 bilyan oo doolar oo lacag la xayiray ah, inta badanna waxay ku jirtay xisaabo escrow ah, balse nasashadani waxay noqotay mid ku meel gaar ah.

Bishii May 2018, Mareykanka oo uu hoggaaminayay Madaxweyne Donald Trump ayaa si keli ah uga baxay heshiiskii nukliyeerka, wuxuuna dib u soo celiyay cunaqabateyn adag oo lagu saaray Iran, taasoo keentay in mar kale la xannibo hantidii saddex sano kaliya ka hor loo sii daayay.