Ubudage bufite umubare muto w'abakozi, igasaba Ubuhinde kubufasha

Ubudage bukomeje guhura n'ikibazo gikomeye cy'ibura ry'abakozi bafite ubumenyi, kubera ko abakozi bakuze bagenda basezera ku kazi (bajyaga mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru), kandi nta rubyiruko ruhagije ruri kubasimbura. Kugira ngo iki kibazo kigabanuke, igihugu kirimo kongera gukoresha abakozi baturuka mu Buhinde.

Ku bwa Handirk von Ungern-Sternberg, byatangiriye kuri email yakiriye mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare(2) mu mwaka wa 2021. Yari ivuye mu Buhinde.

Ubutumwa bwagiraga buti: "Dufite urubyiruko rwinshi rufite imbaraga ruri gushaka amahugurwa y'imyuga, turibaza niba mwaba mubashaka."

Von Ungern-Sternberg yakoraga mu Rugaga rw'Abanyabukorikori bo mu mujyi wa Freiburg mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba bw'Ubudage. Uru rugaga ruhagarariye abanyabukorikori batandukanye, uhereye ku bubatsi, ababaji, abacuruzi b'inyama, abateka imigati, n'amasosiyete abakoresha.

Iyi email yaje mu gihe cyari nyacyo.

Yagize ati: "Twari dufite abakoresha benshi bari mu bibazo bikomeye, batabona abakozi. Ni yo mpamvu twafashe icyemezo cyo kubigerageza."

Yatangiye guhamagara ukuriye ishyirahamwe ry'abacuruza inyama bo mu gace k'iwabo. Hirya no hino mu Budage, abakora uwo mwuga bari bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyane kuko uwo mwuga wagendaga ugabanuka cyane.

Mu 2002 hari ibigo bito by'imiryango igera ku 19,000, ariko mu 2021 hari hasigaye ibiri munsi ya 11,000. *Byagenda bigora* abakoresha kubona urubyiruko rwemera kwiga uwo mwuga binyuze mu mahugurwa.

Umuyobozi w'iryo shyirahamwe, Joachim Lederer, yagize ati: "Umwuga w'ububojozi [ubuyangayanga mu kirundi] urakomeye cyane. Kandi mu myaka igera kuri 25 ishize, urubyiruko rwagiye ruhitamo indi mirimo."

Mu Buhinde, sosiyete yitwa Magic Billion, ari yo yohereje iyo email, yashoboye gushaka urubyiruko 13, rwageze mu Budage mu muhindo wa 2022 gutangira amahugurwa y'ububojozi mu mijyi mito iri hafi y'umupaka w'u Busuwisi. Bari kubifatanya no kwiga.

Muri bo harimo umukobwa w'imyaka 21 witwa Anakha Miriam Shaji. Kimwe n'abandi benshi, bwari ubwa mbere avuye mu Buhinde.

Yibuka ibyishimo yari afite. Agira ati: "Nashakaga kubona isi. Nashakaga kuzamura imibereho yanjye. Nashakaga ubuzima bwiza n'ubwishingizi bw'imibereho."

Anakha yagiye gukorera Lederer mu mujyi wa Weil am Rhein, uri mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bw'Ubudage, hafi y'imipaka y'u Busuwisi n'u Bufaransa.

Nyuma y'imyaka itatu, ibintu byinshi byarahindutse. Von Ungern-Sternberg ntakiri gukorera urwo rugaga.

Ahubwo yashinze ikigo cye gishinzwe gushakira abantu akazi cyitwa India Works, afatanyije na Aditi Banerjee wo muri Magic Billion, kugira ngo bafashe mu kuzana abandi bakozi b'urubyiruko rw'Abahinde mu Budage.

Kuva kuri abo 13 ba mbere, ubu hamaze kuba abagera kuri 200 b'Abahinde bakora mu maduka y'inyama mu Budage.

Ubudage buri mu kibazo gikomeye cy'imiterere y'abaturage (demographics). Ubukungu bwabwo bukeneye gukurura abakozi b'abanyamahanga bagera ku 288,000 buri mwaka, nk'uko ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2024 bubigaragaza. Bitabaye ibyo, umubare w'abakozi ushobora kugabanukaho 10% bitarenze 2040, nk'uko raporo yakozwe n'ikigo Bertelsmann Foundation ibivuga.

Mu gihe abantu bo mu cyiciro cya baby boomer (ni ukuvuga abavutse hagati ya 1946–1964) bageze mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, nta rubyiruko ruhagije rw'Abadage ruri kubasimbura kubera igipimo gito cy'abavuka. Ariko mu Buhinde ho, urubyiruko ni rwinshi cyane.

Banerjee yagize ati: "U Buhinde ni igihugu gifite abantu miliyoni 600 bari munsi y'imyaka 25. Ariko abinjira ku isoko ry'umurimo buri mwaka ni miliyoni 12 gusa. Bityo hari ubwinshi bw'abashaka akazi."

India Works iri gutegura kuzana urubyiruko 775 rw'Abahinde mu Budage muri uyu mwaka kugira ngo rutangire amahugurwa. Imirimo bazakora iratandukanye cyane, harimo abubatsi b'imihanda, abamekanisiye, abacukuzi b'amabuye, n'abateka imigati, n'indi mirimo.

Byorohejwe n'uko abakozi b'Abahinde bafite ubumenyi bashobora gukorera mu Budage kuva ibihugu byombi byasinyana amasezerano yitwa Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement mu 2022. Hanyuma mu mpera za 2024, Ubudage bwatangaje ko bwazamuye umubare w'impushya zo gukora ku Bahinde uva ku 20,000 ku mwaka ugera ku 90,000.

Imibare yemewe y'Ubudage igaragaza ko mu 2024 hari abakozi b'Abahinde 136,670 mu gihugu, bavuye ku 23,320 bariho mu 2015.

Urubyiruko rw'Abahinde rumaze kubona akazi mu Budage binyuze muri India Works rutanga impamvu zisa zo guhitamo kugerageza amahirwe mu kindi gihugu: ingorane zo kubona akazi mu Buhinde, imishahara iri hejuru mu Burayi, n'icyifuzo cyo kwiyubakira ubuzima bwabo.

Urugero ni Ishu Gariya, umusore w'imyaka 20, wavaga mu mashuri yisumbuye mu Buhinde atekereza gukomeza kaminuza no gukora mu bijyanye na mudasobwa.

Ariko yagize ati: "Sinashakaga gusesagura amafaranga yanjye kuri iyi 'degree', hanyuma nkajya gukora mu kigo mpabwa umushahara muto."

Bityo yavuye mu nkengero z'umujyi wa Delhi ajya mu mudugudu wo mu ishyamba rya Black Forest mu Budage, aho ari kwiga umwuga wo guteka imigati (apprenticeship). Akazi ke karangira saa cyenda z'ijoro (3:00 za mu gitondo), kandi yambara ikoti rinini rimurinda ubukonje bw'igihe cy'imbeho. Nubwo bimeze bityo, arishimye.

Yagize ati: "Hano dufite imishahara iri hejuru. Bityo nzashobora gufasha umuryango wanjye nasize mu buryo bw'amafaranga."

Kandi avuga ko akunda cyane umwuka mwiza wo mu cyaro cy'Ubudage.

Ajay Kumar Chandapaka, ufite imyaka 25, yavuye i Hyderabad ajya gukora muri Spedition Dold, sosiyete itwara imizigo iherereye mu mudugudu uri hanze y'umujyi wa Freiburg. Afite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza mu bijyanye n'ubukanishi (mechanical engineering).

Yagize ati: "Byari bigoye cyane kubona akazi mu Buhinde. Ni yo mpamvu nabonye ko Ausbildung (amahugurwa y'umwuga) ari bwo buryo bwiza kuri njye."

Ausbildung ni amahugurwa y'imyuga atangwa n'ubudage.

Lederer, wafashe babiri mu itsinda rya mbere, ubu afite Abahinde barindwi bakiri bato bamukorera. Avuga ko abo bakozi bashya bazahuye ubucuruzi bwe.

Yagize ati: "Igihe natangiraga akazi hashize imyaka 35, hari amaduka umunani ameze nk'ayanjye mu ntera ya kilometero 10. Ubu hasigaye iryanjye ryonyine. Sinari kuba nkiri mu bucuruzi uyu munsi iyo hatabaho u Buhinde."

Hirya gato mu biro by'umujyi wa Weil am Rhein, umuyobozi w'uno mujyi Diana Stöcker, wo mu ishyaka rya Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU), na we ari hafi gutangira gukoresha abakozi baturuka mu Buhinde. Ubuyobozi bw'umujyi bwamaze kubona abasore babiri bazaza mu Budage muri uyu mwaka gukora nk'abarezi b'abana bato (kindergarten).

Yagize ati: "Twashatse abarimu hirya no hino mu Budage, ariko biragoye cyane kubabona."

Stöcker wahoze ari umwe mu bagize inteko ishinga amategeko y'Ubudage (Bundestag), yatowe kuba umuyobozi w'umujyi mu 2024. Yemera ko Ubudage bufite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kubona urubyiruko rufite impano mu nzego zitandukanye, kandi akavuga ko igisubizo ari kimwe gusa: "Tugomba gushakira hanze y'igihugu. Ni bwo buryo bwonyine bushoboka."