Session 6

학ꡐ κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?

Listen to find out how to talk about rules and obligations in English.
잘 λ“£κ³  μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ κ·œμΉ™κ³Ό μ˜λ¬΄μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 법을 λ°°μ›Œλ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.

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    Activity 1

Activity 1

How do I talk about rules at school?

학ꡐ κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?

λ‹€μŒ 쀑 μ˜λ¬΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ 것은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”?

  1. We have to arrive at 8:30.
  2. We mustn’t use our mobile phones in class.
  3. We must wear a uniform.
  4. But we don’t have to wear specific shoes.

잘 λ“£κ³  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 닡을 ν™•μΈν•œ λ’€ μ•„λž˜ μŠ€ν¬λ¦½νŠΈμ™€ λΉ„κ΅ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.

Barreeffama agarsiisiBarreeffama dhoksi

Bolam
μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. How do I에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ €λŠ” μ†λ³΄λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ Samκ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ν• κ²Œμš”.

Sam
Hello, everybody. Welcome!

Bolam
μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ Tom이 자기 학ꡐ κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” ν•˜λŠ” κ±Έ λ“€μ–΄λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν• κ²Œμš”. λ‹€ μ•Œμ•„λ“£μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€κ³  κ±±μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ„Έμš”, 저희가 λ„μ™€λ“œλ¦΄ κ±°μ—μš”. 자 그럼 Tom의 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”. 학생듀이 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” ν•œ κ°€μ§€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?

We have to arrive at 8:30. We mustn’t use our mobile phones in class. We must wear a uniform but we don’t have to wear specific shoes.

Bolam
λ“€μœΌμ…¨λ‚˜μš”? 학생듀이 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” ν•œ κ°€μ§€λŠ” λ°”λ‘œ μ‹ λ°œμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”. μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œ 수 있죠, μƒ˜?

Sam
We’re going to have a look! Let’s start with the first thing he said.

Bolam
Tom은 동사 ‘arrive’ λ„μ°©ν•˜λ‹€λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 동사 μ•žμ— μ‚¬μš©ν•œ κ΄€μš©κ΅¬κ°€ λ¬΄μ—‡μ΄μ—ˆμ£ ?

We have to arrive at 8:30.

Bolam
‘Have to’λŠ” κΌ­ ν•΄μ•Όν•œλ‹€λŠ” 뜻으둜 λͺ¨λ“  주어에 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μš”. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ‘he’λ‚˜ ‘she’, ‘it’의 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” ‘has to’λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ‘Have to’λ‚˜ ‘has to’ λ’€μ—λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ›ν˜•μ„ μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€. 사싀 였늘 곡뢀할 λ„€ κ°€μ§€ ν‘œν˜„ λ’€μ—λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ λ™μ‚¬μ›ν˜•μ„ 써야 ν•΄μš”.

Sam
Yes, so for example, I have to arrive at work at 9:00 but my friend, he, has to arrive at 8:00.
Let’s practise the pronunciation. Notice that the ‘v’ in ‘have’ is pronounced more like an ‘f’ in ‘have to’. Repeat after me:

I have to arrive at 9:00.

Bolam
그럼 λ‹€μŒ κ·œμΉ™μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 듀어보죠. μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” Tom이 ‘use’λΌλŠ” 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆλŠ”λ°, μ•žμ— μ–΄λ–€ 단어λ₯Ό 썼죠?

We mustn’t use our mobile phones in class.

λ°”λ‘œ ‘mustn’t’μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ ν•˜μ§€ 말아야 ν•˜λŠ” 행동에 μ“°μ΄λŠ” 말둜, ‘must’와 ‘not’이 ν•©ν•΄μ§„ λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 주어에 λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜•νƒœκ°€ λ³€ν™”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„, ‘I’λ‚˜ ‘he’, ‘we’ λͺ¨λ‘ κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Sam
And the pronunciation is ‘mustn’t’. Let’s try that:

I mustn’t be late.

Now let’s listen to the next rule.

Bolam
μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” ‘wear’λΌλŠ” 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμ–΄μš”. ‘Wear’ μ•žμ— 무슨 동사와 동사ꡬλ₯Ό μΌλŠ”μ§€ λ“€μœΌμ…¨λ‚˜μš”? 잘 λ“£κ³  μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” 이 두 κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.

We must wear a uniform but we don’t have to wear specific shoes.

Bolam
‘I must wear a uniform’μ΄λΌλŠ” 말을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ‘λ‚˜λŠ” ꡐ볡을 μž…μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€’λŠ” 뜻으둜 ‘must’λŠ” ‘have to’와 같은 μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μΌμ΄λ‚˜ 의무λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” κ±°μ£ . 단, ‘mustn’t’와 같이 주어에 따라 λ³€ν™”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.  

Sam
Please repeat after me for the pronunciation:

I must wear a uniform.

He must arrive at 8:00.

Bolam
λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ ‘I don’t have to’λŠ”. ‘~ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„ λœλ‹€’λΌλŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ‘Don’t have to’λŠ” 본인이 μ›ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€λ‘œ ν•˜λ“ μ§€ μ•ˆ ν•˜λ“ μ§€ 선택할 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 뜻이죠.

Sam
And, again, it’s ‘don’t have to’ for everyone apart from ‘he’, ‘she’ and ‘it’, where we say ‘doesn’t have to’. Let’s practise. Repeat after me:

I don’t have to wear a uniform.

She doesn’t have to wear a uniform.

Bolam
Thanks, Sam. κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš”, μƒ˜. 자, μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 의무λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 방법 μ„Έ 가지와 μ˜λ¬΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ 사항을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 방법 ν•œ κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό λ°°μ›Œλ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Sam
Now you can talk about rules and obligations! And, unfortunately, we have to end there.

Bolam
Yes, we must! Bye!

Sam 
Bye! 

Learn more! 

1) κΌ­ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μΌμ΄λ‚˜ 의무λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?

두 κ°€μ§€ ν‘œν˜„λ²•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • We have to arrive at 8:30.
  • We must wear a uniform.

2) ν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆ λ˜λŠ” μΌμ΄λ‚˜ κΈˆμ§€μ‚¬ν•­μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?

ν•œ κ°€μ§€ ν‘œν˜„λ²•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • We mustn’t use our mobile phones in class.

3) 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” 일에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?

ν•œ κ°€μ§€ ν‘œν˜„λ²•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • We don’t have to wear specific shoes.

4) μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ“°λ‚˜μš”?

have to
I/ you/ we/ they + have to + base verb (λ™μ‚¬μ›ν˜•)
He/ she/ it + has to + base verb

must
subject + must + base verb

must not
subject + (must + not) mustn’t + base verb

not have to
I/ you/ we/ they + don’t have to + base verb
He/ she/ it + doesn’t have to + base verb

 

How do I talk about rules at school?

3 Questions

Choose the correct answer.

정닡을 κ³ λ₯΄μ„Έμš”.

Baga gammadde! Qormaata xumurteetta
Excellent!Great job!Carraa badaa!Qabxii argatte:
x / y

What rules do you have to follow? Come and tell us on our Facebook group!
따라야 ν•˜λŠ” κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆλ‚˜μš”? 저희 Facebookκ·Έλ£Ήμ—μ„œ 이야기해 μ£Όμ„Έμš”

Join us for our next episode of How do I…, when we will learn more useful language and practise your listening skills.
How do I λ‹€μŒμ‹œκ°„μ—λ„ ν•¨κ»˜ μœ μš©ν•œ μ˜μ–΄ν‘œν˜„ 배우고 μ—°μŠ΅ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.

Session Vocabulary

  • arrive
    λ„μ°©ν•˜λ‹€

    use (our mobiles phones in class)
    μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ‹€

    wear
    μž…λ‹€

    a uniform
    ꡐ볡

    specific shoes
    νŠΉμ • μ‹ λ°œ

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